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物理教案 时间:2020-05-22

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珠海市紫荆中学2015-2016初三上学期期中考试
篇一:珠海市紫荆中学网站

珠海市紫荆中学2015~2016学年度(上)期中考试

初三年级物理试卷

命题人:张宏科 审核人:任丽靖

一、单项选择题(每小题3分,共21分)

1.四个悬挂着的带电通草球,相互作用情况如图1所示,那么D球 (

A.带与A球不同种的电荷

B.带与B球不同种的电荷

C.带与C球不同种的电荷

D.一定带正电荷 图

1

2.关于分子,下列说法正确的是: ( )

A.有的物质分子间无论距离大小都只存在引力

B.“酒香不怕巷子深”说明分子在不停地运动

C.水结冰后分子会保持静止

D.“沙尘暴起,尘土满天”说明分子在不停地运动

3.关于物体的内能,下列说法正确的是 ( )

A.物体内能增加,一定要从外界吸收热量 B.温度为0℃的物体没有内能

C.温度相等的1kg水和100g水内能相同 D .物体温度升高,它的内能一定

会增加

4. 质量相等、初温相同的水和煤油,分别用两个相同的电加热器

加热(不计热损失),加热过程中温度变化如图2所示,则下列

判断正确的是 ( )

A.甲的比热容大,是水

B.甲的比热容大,是煤油

C.乙的比热容大,是水

D.乙的比热容大,是煤油

5.如图3所示是四冲程汽油机的一个工作循环示意图(箭头顺时针方向),其中提供动力的

冲程是( )

) 图3

6.如图4所示,要使灯泡L1和L2组成并联电路,应 ( )

A.只闭合S2 B.只闭合S3

C.只闭合S2和S3 D.只闭合S1和S3

7.如图5,在探究“并联电路”特点时,用电流表测得通过小灯泡

L1、L2中的电流分别为0.2A和0.4A,则下面分析正确的是( )

A.L1的电阻值小于L2的电阻值

B.L1两端电压小于L2两端的电压

C.干路中的电流为0.6A

D.并联电路中各支路电压不一定相同

二 、填空题(每空1分,共21分) 图5

8.改变内能有不同的方式,图6(甲)是在一个配有活塞的厚壁玻璃筒里放

一小团蘸了乙醚的棉花,当迅速压下活塞时,可看见筒内棉花燃烧起来。这

是通过________的方式使玻璃筒内的空气内能增加,温度升高,达到棉花的

燃点,使棉花燃烧。图6(乙)是通过______方式把试管里的水加热至沸腾,

试管内热的水蒸气对木塞做功,木塞飞出,这个过程相当于汽油机的

冲程。 图6 9.用丝绸摩擦过的玻璃棒带 电荷,它和不带电的验电器金属球接触,会发现

验电器金属箔片张开,如图7(甲)所示,张开的原理是 。若将

另一带电小球与验电器金属球接触,发现箔片闭合, 如图7(乙)所示,则此

带电小球带 电。

10.一个定值电阻的阻值为200Ω,接在10V的电源上,通过它的电流为 A,

若使通过它的电流为0.1A,则需要在电阻两端加 V的电压。当电阻两端的

电压为0V时,电阻的阻值为 。

11.如图8所示,电源电压不变,R1为定值电阻。闭合开关S,当滑片从中点向

右移时,电流表A1的示数 ,电流表A2的示数 ,电压表的

示数 。(填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”)

12.将如图9(甲)所示的电路开关闭合后,V1表和V2表的示数分别如图9(乙)所示, 则图8 V1表的示数为 V,L1两端的电压为 V, L2两端的电压为 V。

图9

13. 铅笔芯是导体。不同类型的铅笔的笔芯软硬程不同,其中6H的铅

笔芯最硬,6B的铅笔芯最软,HB的铅笔芯软硬居中。那么铅笔芯的电

阻大小与其软硬度是否有关呢?小明用如图10所示的装置探究这个

问题。他先后将6B、HB和6H的铅笔芯分别接入电路A、B两点间,通

过观察 的大小,可比较出三者电阻的大

小。他应选取 、 相同的三个铅笔芯。

14. 如图11所示电路,电源电压U0不变,初始时滑动变阻器的滑片P在最右端,但由于滑动变阻器某处发生断路,闭合开关后滑片P向左滑过一段距离后电流表才有读数。且电压表读数U与x、电流表读数I与x的关系如图所示,则(1)根据图象可知:电源电压U0为 V;

(2)电阻R为 Ω。(3)此时滑动变阻器完好部分的电阻丝的阻值是 Ω。

三、作图题(共7分)

15. (1)(2分)请在答题卡上画出与图12实物电路连接图对应的电路图

(2)(2分)根据图13所示的电路图,用笔画线代替导线,连接实物电路 (要求导线不能交叉)。

图珠海市紫荆中学网站。

12

图13

(3)(3分)电冰箱的压缩机(电动机)是由温控开关控制的,

冷藏室中的照明灯是由门控开关控制的,即开冰箱门时照明灯

亮、关冰箱门时照明灯灭。请在图14笔画线连接好符合上述特点的电冰箱工作电路图.

图14

四、实验题( 共22分)

16.(6分)?图a说明

?图b说明 。

?图c说明。

图a 图b 图c

17.(9分)为了比较水和食用油的吸热能力,小明用两个相同的装置做了如图15所示的实验.用温度计测量液体吸收热量后升高的温度值,并用钟表记录加热时间.实验数据记录如下表.

15

(1)在实验过程中控制加热时间相同,通过比较 来研究水和食用油吸热能力的差异.

(2)分析第1、4次,第2、5次或第3、6次实验数据,某同学认为:加热相同的时间时,乙升高的温度高一些,这说明乙吸收的热量多一些.这位同学的判断是否正确? ,请说明理由. 。

(3)分析第2、3次或第5、6次实验数据,可以得出的初步结论是:同种物质升高相同温度时,物质的 越大,吸收的热量就越 .(选填:“多”或“少”)

(4)通过比较第2、4次实验数据可知,液体吸收的热量多少与液体的 有关, 的吸热能力更强(选填“甲”或“乙”). 可见不同的物质吸热能力不同,物质的这种特性 用 这个物理量来描述.

18.(7分)图16是“探究通过导体的电流与电压、电阻的关系”的电路图,

表1 图16珠海市紫荆中学网站。

(1)如图16所示,用笔画线代替导线,将实验电路连接完整,要求:滑动变阻器滑片向左

移动时电阻变小。

(2)当探究电流与电压的关系时,通过调节变阻器滑片P的位置来改变 ___________ 两端

的电压.三次改变滑片位置,测得三组电压和电流值(表1),发现每次电压与电流的比值是____________的(选填“相同”或“不同”),固此可得出电流与电压关系的初步结论:当电阻一定时,__________________________________________。

(3)要探究电流与电阻的关系,仅凭图16所示器材是不够的.还应增加的器材是几个阻值

不同的定值电阻.为了达到研究目的,实验过程中必须保持 不变;当开关S闭合后电压表的示数是3V,电流表的示数是0.3A,现在将10Ω的电阻换成15Ω的电阻接入电路,进行研究,则下一步应进行操作 .

五、计算题(19题6分,20题7分,共13分)(解答要求:写出依据的主要公式或变形公式,有数据代入,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位)

19、在家庭电路中,某种电热饮水机有加热和保温两种工作状态(由

机内温控开关S0自动控制),从它说明书上收集到如下数据及图17所

示的简化电路原理图。

当S与S0 闭合时,A表示数为3A;当S闭合,S0 断开时,A表示

数为1A,求:电阻R1与R2的阻值。

图17

20、图18中是某太阳能热水器,向其中注入50kg的水,阳光照射—段时间后,水温从10℃升高到50℃。水的比热容是4.2×103J/(kg·℃)。试求:

(1)如果这段时间该太阳能热水器接收到太阳辐射的热量是2.8×107J,则这

段时间该热水器的效率是多少?

(2) 如果水吸收的热量用天然气来提供,需要完全燃烧多少m3的天然气?

(天然气的热值为8.4×l07J/m3,天然气完全燃烧放出的热量全部给水吸

收)

图18

珠海市紫荆中学2015~2016学年度(上)期中教学质量检测初三英语参考答案-
篇二:珠海市紫荆中学网站

珠海市紫荆中学2015~2016学年度(上)期中教学质量检测

初三年级 英语参考答案

一.1-5 BCCAB 6-10 BCACB 11-15 ACCBC 16-20 BCCAB

21. shoe factory 22. 5 a.m. 23. 85/eighty-five 24. better and better 25. by taxi

二.26-30 BDBAB 31-35 DADCC 36-40 ACABD

三.41-45 DCAAB 46-50 DDCDA

四.51-55 CDBBC 56-60 DCDBA 61-65 FGBCD

五.66. polite 67. pronunciation 68. admire 69. silent 70. not open

71. are proud of 72. does he 73. if/whether he will

74. from time to time 75. in; of

六.76. sad 77. An 78. stand 79. However 80. myself

81 called/named 82. by 83. others 84. opinion 85. hand

七.A、信息归纳(共5小题,每小题1分)

86. Life in China 87. Eating noodles 88. In January this year/This January

89. 14/Fourteen(years old) 90. His grandparents

B、书面表达(本题15分)

Dear Editor,

I read the stories on BBC World Have Your Say today. Yours,

Li Ming (92 words)

第1页,共2页 书面表达(1题,共15分) 1.评分原则与方法: (1)采用总体评分法:考查考生能否根据写作提示,较好地把阅读文章中与写作相关的 内容进行归纳和运用来完成书面表达任务。评分时,先确定所属档次,然后以该档 次的要求进行微调,最后给分。原文照抄的,只能在第5档中调整;但正确引用原 文少数句子且运用得当的,不扣分。 (2)注重内容的完整及语言表达的准确:本题在写作具体内容上给了考生较大的发挥空 间,要求考生能准确地表达个人的观点与看法,表述的一个事例符合逻辑。语法、 单词拼写和标点符号错误,每两处扣0.5分,同样错误不重复扣分。 (3)少于或多于规定词数30%的酌情扣分。 (4)对于在完成任务前提下的适当发挥,最多加分不超过2分,加分后不得超过15分。 (5)如考生把文章所给出的开头部分抄写在答题卡上。不扣分! 2.评分档次和标准: 第一档:13—15分要求:内容涵盖所有的要点,表达准确,意思连贯,符合逻辑,只有个别语言错误。 第二档:10—12分要求:内容涵盖所有的要点,表达清楚,意思连贯,符合逻辑,但有少数语言错误。 第三档:7—9分要求:内容涵盖大部分要点,表达较为清楚、连贯,基本符合逻辑,但有一些语言错误。 第四档:4—6分要求:内容涵盖部分要点,能写出少量正确句子,但整体表达不太连贯,且语言错误较多。 第五档:0—3分要求:只能写出一些单词,不成句子,缺乏逻辑性,错误很多。 第2页,共2页

珠海市紫荆中学2015~2016学年度(上)期中教学质量检测初三英语试卷
篇三:珠海市紫荆中学网站

珠海市紫荆中学2015~2016学年度(上)期中教学质量检测

初三年级 英语试卷 出题人 刘红敏

一、 听力理解(本大题共4部分,共25分)

A、听句子。(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分)

根据所听句子的内容和所提问题,选择符合题意的图画回答问题,并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在题前括号内。若用答题卡答题,则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每小题听一遍。

( )1. Which is Mr. Wang’

s telephone number?

(

)2. How did they go to Beijing?

(

)3. Where is the speaker now?

(

)4. What would the speaker love to buy?

(

)5. What is Mike going to be when he grows up?

B、听对话(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)

第1页,共10页

根据所听对话的内容回答每段对话后的问题,在各题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并将最佳选项的字母编号填写在题前的括号内。若用答题卡答题,则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每段对话听两遍。

听第一段对话,回答第6小题。 ( )6. Where is the bank?

A. On the third floor. B. On the second floor. C. Next to the store. 听第二段对话,回答第7小题。 ( )7. Where is the man going?

A. To the bank. B. To the mall. C. To the hospital. 听第三段对话,回答第8小题。 ( )8. What does the man like collecting?

A. Stamps. B. Shells. C. Coins. 听第四段对话,回答第9小题。 ( )9. What sport does the boy like?

A. Football. B. Table tennis. C. Basketball. 听第五段对话,回答第10小题。 ( )10. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Importance of learning. B. Language learning. C. A language contest. 听第六段对话,回答第11--12小题。 ( )11. Where is the woman going?

A. To the airport. B. To the bus station. C. To the train station. ( )12. Why does the woman come to the city?

A. For a meeting. B. For studying. C. For a holiday. 听第七段对话,回答第13--15小题。

( )13. How does John mean the English football player looks? A. Cold. B. Beautiful. C. Great ( )14. What can the word ―cool‖ be used to mean? A. Easy. B. Beautiful. C. Lively.

( )15. Who thinks that more words can make our life colorful? A. Peter. B. Peter’s friend. C. Peter and his friend.

C、听短文(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分)

根据所听短文的内容,在每小题给出的三个选项中,选出一个能完成句子的最佳答案,并将其字母编号填写在题前的括号内。若用答题卡答题,则将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。短文听两遍。

( )16. The speaker stopped to see Alice Green _______.

A. at the bus stop B. at the bank C. at the park ( )17. The speaker sat by the windows _______.

A. to leave quickly B. to see the traffic C. to see Alice Green

第2页,共10页

( )18. It was ______ when the speaker couldn’t wait any longer. A. 11:30 B. 11:45 C. 12:30 ( )19. _______ called the speaker’s name.

A. Alice Green B. His mother C. His teacher ( )20. Alice Green was _______ the whole morning.

A. in the street B. in the bank C. at home

D. 听填信息(本大题共5题,每小题1分,共5分)

你将听到的是一篇短文,请根据所听内容填写下面的信息表,并将答案写在下表

二、单项填空(本大题共15题,每小题1分,共15分)

( ) 26. The number of the students in our class ________ forty-eight. A number of them

________ to school on foot.

A. am; go B. is; go C. are; goes D. is; goes ( ) 27. There are three ________ and two ________ in the meeting room. A. Chineses; Americans B. Chineses; American

C. Chinese; American D. Chinese; Americans

( ) 28. --________do you learn computer programming?

--________asking my uncle for help.

A. How; In B. How; By C. How; For D. How; To ( ) 29. ________ I know, Tom is the best student in his school.

A. As far as B. As soon as C. As well as D. As long as ( ) 30. ________ weather it is! We can’t go out to have a picnic.

A. How good B. What bad C. How bad D. What good

( ) 31. –Would you mind if I sit here?

--________. The seats are for the VIPs, not for the students.

珠海市紫荆中学网站。

A. Certainly not. B. I’d love to. C. Not at all. D. Better not. ( ) 32. He was ________ weak ________ he couldn’t go on working.

A. so; that B. very; that C. such; that D. too; to ( ) 33. –Did Tom know ________? --I’m not sure.

A. when does Susan come back B. when Susan comes back

C. when did Susan come back D. when Susan came back

第3页,共10页

( ) 34. If you don’t understand the word, you can ________ in a dictionary. A. look for it B. look at it C. look it up D. look after it ( ) 35. That’s a tall building, and there are ________ rooms on ________ floor. A. ten; ten B. ten; tenth C. ten; the tenth D. tenth; tenth ( ) 36. Old Henry lives ________but he doesn’t feel________.

A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone

( ) 37. My father ________ get up late, but now he ________ getting up early.

A. used to; is used for B. is used to; used to C. used to; is used to D. is used to; is used to

( ) 38. ________ you practice, ________ you can understand. A. The more; the better B. The most; the better

C. The more; the best D. The most; the best

( ) 39. ________ my way to the post office, I passed ________ three banks. A. On; to B. On; by C. In; by D. In; to

( ) 40. Zhuhai is a beautiful city. Many trees and flowers ________ every year. A. plants B. plant C. is planted D. are planted

三、完形填空(本大题共10题,每小题1分,共10分)

Imagine this: your parents go away on business, but you have to stay at home alone. you?

Zheng Chenyu says that she would ―Where can I find food? How can I cook it?‖ The 14―I can have tomato and egg soup, but that’s all. I think many of my classmates are the same. We don’t know what to do, or how to ____ ourselves,‖ said Zheng. ―And I may 煮干) the soup.‖ ___Zheng believes that basic life skills, such as cooking and washing clothes, are especially important. She doesn’t think teenagers get enough practice.

―As soon as I leave home, I’ll learn to cook. But nowus. We’re very lazy,‖ she said.

they go to college. However, Sima Yige doesn’t think so. ―I think I’d be all right. I wouldn’t just eat sandwiches or fruit. I know how to cook some dishes because my mum showed me,‖ the 13-year-old boy said. In his opinion, many teenagers depend too much on their parents, and there is much more to learn than cooking, like ―__n dressing yourself properly‖.

For most teenagers it wouldn’t be a holiday at all. ( )41. A. at B. out C. for D. around ( )42. A. talk B. feel C. worry D. say ( )43. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few

第4页,共10页

( )44. A. look after B. look at C. look for D. look out ( )45. A. see B. watch C. look D. listen ( )46. A. Although B. However C. Because D. So

( )47. A. none B. something C. nothing D. everything ( )48. A. housework B. school C. homework D. life ( )49. A. nice B. important C. difficult D. easy ( )50. A. tidying B. to tidy C. tidy D. tidied

四、阅读理解(本大题共15题,每小题2分,共30分)

A

Maybe that sounds difficult, or is it expensive? No! It’s easier than you think and much cheaper than you ever dreamed before. Now let’s find how Tom, a 16-year-old boy, did it.

He just filled out this form as below (* Required information). Then his shop was

with some basic information, such as your name and address. It’s quite simple. Of course, there is another information you need to give, and no others are more important than these two: Decide what you want to sell and how much to charge for it. Then your own online store will be set up.

( )51. What does the passage want to tell us?

A. How to save money when shopping online. B. How to buy things online. C. How to open a shop online. D. How to build a website.

( )52. Which isn’t a must when you enter your information?

A. Your name. B. Your address. C. Your phone number. D. Your age.

( )53. We can learn from the text that __________.

A. buying things online hasn’t been accepted by people B. people thought that setting up an online shop was difficult C. Tom wants to sell his goods abroad. D. buying things online is safer than ever before

( )54. Tom is in __________.

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A. the UK B. the US C. China D. France

( )55. Which of the following information is more important?

A. Your basic information. B. The website you choose to open a shop in.

C. The things you want to sell and the price. D. The reasons that you open a shop.

B

It is true that people with better education are usually able to get better paying jobs. In other words, they have more chances to choose a good job while people with little or no education don’t. It seems that the purpose of education is to make people get jobs. But this isn’t accepted by all people.

Some people may think that a person should spend the best years of his life getting education only for a way of living. This was probably one of the earliest reasons of education. In fact, if education is just a way of making a living, people don’t need to spend so much time in school. People can get education for a living in a short time. Subjects like history and geography need not be taught to everyone. Even language and math need not be taught in detail (详细地), either. Here it is clear that education is much more than teaching a man to get a way of living.

him to speak, read and write, but also to develop his creative thinking and other abilities. After that, it is to make him a wise man and thankfully enjoy the achievements of human. Education is to make a man lead a better life. Educated people are expected to be able to listen to good music, read good books, watch plays and most of all take an interest in the world.

I would agree that making a good living is an important reason for education, but certainly not the most important or the main reason.

( )56. People with little education usually_______.

A. spend a long time in school C. spend the best years to choose jobs B. have a good chance to get a job D. have fewer chances to get a good job

( )57. The earliest education was probably to_______.

A. make a man lead a better life B. teach a man to write and think C. make people get a way of living D. teach people to read good books

( )58. The underlined word ―well-rounded‖ in the passage means ―_______‖ in Chinese.

A.现成的 B.崭新的 C.公平的 D.全面的

( )59. It is expected that educated people will be able to________.

A. accepted education as a way of living B. take an interest in the world

C. develop their abilities to watch plays D. learn subjects like language and math

( )60. The passage mainly tells us that______ .

A. education is mainly for improving a man B. people can get education in a short time

C. people should be able to get better paying jobs D. all subjects are so important for a way of living

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C. 配对阅读。阅读左栏的五段文字,然后在右栏中找出与他们匹配的信息。

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五、按要求完成句子。(本大题共20个空,每空0.5分,共10分) 66. When we ask for directions, we should be _________ (politely). 67. What about reading aloud to practice ________ (pronounce)? 68. He is honest and brave. We all _________ (欣赏) him.

69. Everybody was active in the meeting except Tom. He kept _________ (沉默的) all the time.

70. Could you please open the window? (改为否定句) Could you please ______ _______ the window? 71. My parents take pride in me. (改为同义句) My parents ______ _______ _______ me.

72. Tom seldom pays attention to his spelling

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